Chemical equilibria in reactive systems underpin many natural and industrial processes, where the interplay between chemical reactions and phase separations yields complex behaviours. In these systems ...

Crystallization is a well-explored natural phenomenon where atoms or molecules arrange themselves into highly organized solid ...

The study of phase equilibria in aqueous ternary and quaternary systems is pivotal for understanding the complex interactions among multiple ionic species in solution. These systems, which involve ...

Researchers have investigated the non-equilibrium phase behavior of localized liquid-liquid phase separations (LLPS). The ...