Non-Cartesian actuators are improving applications where they weren't even feasible before. Full definition of their dynamics and kinematics helps designers extract maximum performance from these ...

Galactic dynamics and stellar kinematics examine the gravitational forces that shape the structure and evolution of galaxies and the motions of their constituent stars. By mapping positions and ...

To study the origin and evolution of the universe, physicists rely on theories that describe the statistical relationships between different events or fields in spacetime, broadly referred to as ...