While predetermining mechanical properties supports this process, specifying grain size means that post-processing steps including drawing, coining, stamping, and machining turn-over lower scrap rates ...

The properties of steel can be improved in terms of fatigue, weldability, hardness, wear and corrosion resistance, ductility, and tensile strength by either alloy addition or heat treatment processes.

The electronic Seebeck response in a conductor involves the energy-dependent mean free path of the charge carriers and is affected by crystal structure, scattering from boundaries and defects, and ...

(Top) Picture of thermal measurement setup in the Goodson lab, Stanford University. (bottom) The sample is placed on a high-precision stage and raster scanned to produce 2D images of the thermal ...