Over-the-counter insoles can improve the fit and function of a running shoe, and some promise to do everything from reducing foot fatigue and plantar fascia strain to increasing running efficiency.

More than 100 years ago, Ernest Amory Codman, MD, FACS, introduced his “end result idea.” Codman advocated that medical and surgical interventions should be scrutinized not only for immediate ...

Turf toe is one of the most debilitating injuries in sports, though its name does not necessarily indicate that. There is more to the injury than meets the eye, as turf toe is a name given to an ...

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